Toxicology

A review of Novichok Toxicology

Introduction: Novichoks are considered as the fourth generation of chemical weapons and nerve agents (NA) category. NAs were produced and developed during the Cold War in the (former) Soviet :union:. Due to the confidentiality of the manufacturing process of these agents, there is little information about the properties of these compounds. Like other NA, novichoks are organophosphorus compounds...

Pharmacology and Toxicology of Leflunomide

Leflunomide (LEF), used for rheumatoid arthritis, inhibits dihydro-orotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) and tyrosine kinase (TK) enzymes and has anti-inflammatory, lymphocyte proliferation regulatory, immunosuppression and chondroprotective effects. The most common adverse effects are gastrointestinal disorders, weight loss, hypertension, skin infection, and neurological and hematological toxicity. It...

Forensic toxicology.

Forensic toxicology is a discipline of analytical toxicology dedicated to toxicological problems of forensic relevance, for example driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs, or postmortem toxicology. High-quality analytical methods for identification and quantification of drugs, poisons, and/or their metabolites in complex matrices, for example body fluids or hair, are very important in ...

Neurobehavioral Toxicology

The adverse effects of exposure to neurotoxic chemicals on the brain manifest themselves behaviorally as changes inmood and in cognitive function. Neuropsychological testing has emerged as a means of documenting and measuring these changes. This methodology has several advantages for use in both the clinical diagnosis of chemically induced disorders and the epidemiologic investigation of neurot...

[Environmental toxicology].